新厝公路拓宽工程软土路基施工监测分析     

郭锡斌 《福建地质》2011,30(4):352-356

福清新厝公路拓宽海堤段海堤内侧采用分级加载进行路基施工填筑软基加例处理,通过3个断面监测数据分析,最大水平位移日变量为2．28mm／d,最大沉降速率为5．97nm/d,各测点的沉降速率和水平位移均在安全控制范围之内。至监测末期最大总沉降量占淤泥层厚度7％,海堤地基固结度76．3％～85．0％,但尚有10．9～15．8m...  相似文献   

滇中郝家河砂岩型铜矿床成矿作用过程的流体包裹体证据     

吴海枝  韩润生  吴鹏  唐果  梁徐文 《矿物岩石》2011,31(1)

通过对牟定郝家河砂岩型铜矿床的不同结构构造及矿化类型岩石中矿物包裹体特征的研究及对比,认为不同结构构造及矿化类型岩石的形成与不同成岩-成矿阶段流体的演化特点密切相关。流体包裹体测温数据表明其成矿作用主要经历3个成矿流体演化阶段:成岩期(均一温度:84℃~162℃)、主改造期(均一温度:145℃~227℃)及次改造期(均一温度:129℃~177℃)。3期流体的盐度变化不大,多处于4%~10%之间,而它们的气相成分主要为H2O,其次为CH4和CO2。成岩期流体演化形成了砂岩铜矿的初始矿源层及贫矿体,矿化程度高的地方甚至形成浸染状或纹层状矿石;改造-成矿期的流体则在原来基础上进一步演化形成现今受构造控制的条带状、脉状富矿体。  相似文献   

Tectonics and Mechanisms of Uplift in the Central Uplift Belt of the Huimin Depression     

倪金龙  郭颖  王智敏  刘俊来  林玉祥  李月 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2011,(3)

The Huimin (惠民) depression is a third-level tectonic element of the Bohai (渤海) Bay basin in eastern China. The central uplift belt is the most important oil and gas accumulation zone in the depression, but the lack of adequate geological studies in the area has greatly hindered exploration and development. In this article, using seismic data, fracture mechanics, and a combination of data on fault growth indices and fault throws, we present an analysis of tectonic activity in the central uplift belt and adja...  相似文献   

甘肃陇东能源基地地下水分布规律及开发利用对策研究     

郭富赟 《地下水》2011,33(5):44-46

在阐述陇东能源基地地下水水文地质条件和环境地质问题的基础上,提出陇东地下水资源合理利用的方向和保护对策.指出必须坚持地下水资源开发和环境保护并重的基本方针,因地制宜,合理开发,预防为主,保护优先,制定切实可行的地质地下水合理利用的分阶段目标,实现地区经济的可持续发展。  相似文献   

五台山地区古元古界滹沱群沉积环境:前陆盆地还是陆内裂谷盆地?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

郭进京  任留东  白瑾 《地学前缘》2011,18(3):211-220

分布于五台山地区的古元古界滹沱群形成的大地构造环境和地质演化过程,对华北克拉通东、西部陆块之间的华北中部碰撞造山带的形成时代和演化具有关键性的地质约束.通过对滹沱群与下伏地质体之间的接触关系、滹沱群沉积岩石序列组合特征、构造变形样式和已有同位素年代学资料的综合分析,认为(1)滹沱群呈区域性角度不整合覆盖于新太古代五台群...  相似文献   

Source characteristics of the Yutian earthquake in 2008 from inversion of the co-seismic deformation field mapped by InSAR     

Xinjian Shan  Guohong Zhang  Chisheng Wang  Chunyan Qu  Xiaogang Song  Guifang Zhang  Liming Guo 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2011,40(4):935-942

On 21 March 2008, an Ms7.3 earthquake occurred at Yutian County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which is in the same year as 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. These two earthquakes both took place in the Bayar Har block, while Yutian earthquake is located in the west edge and Wenchuan earthquake is in the east. The research on source characteristics of Yutian earthquake can serve to better understand Wenchuan earthquake mechanism. We attempt to reveal the features of the causative fault of Yutian shock and its co-seismic deformation field by a sensitivity-based iterative fitting (SBIF) method. Our work is based on analysis and interpretation to high-resolution satellite (Quickbird) images as well as D-InSAR data from the satellite Envisat ASAR, in conjunction with the analysis of seismicity, focal mechanism solutions and active tectonics in this region. The result shows that the 22 km long, nearly NS trending surface rupture zone by this event lies on a range-front alluvial platform in the Qira County. It is characterized by distinct linear traces and a simple structure with 1–3 m-wide individual seams and maximum 6.5 m width of a collapse fracture. Along the rupture zone are seen many secondary fractures and fault-bounded blocks by collapse, exhibiting remarkable extension. The co-seismic deformation affected a big range 100 km × 40 km. D-InSAR analysis indicates that the interferometric deformation field is dominated by extensional faulting with a small strike-slip component. Along the causative fault, the western wall fell down and the eastern wall, that is the active unit, rose up, both with westerly vergence. The maximum subsidence displacement is ～2.6 m in the LOS, and the maximum uplift is 1.2 m. The maximum relative vertical dislocation reaches 4.1 m, which is 10 km distant from the starting rupture point to south. The 42 km-long seismogenic fault in the subsurface extends in NS direction as an arc, and it dipping angle changes from 70° near the surface to 52° at depth ～10 km. The slip on the fault plane is concentrated in the depth range 0–8 km, forming a belt of length 30 km along strike on the fault plane. There are three areas of concentrating slip, in which the largest slip is 10.5 m located at the area 10 km distant from the initial point of the rupture.  相似文献   

黔西织纳煤田上二叠统层序地层及聚煤作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭立君  洪愿进  邵龙义  易同生  张卫平  汪浩 《古地理学报》2011,13(5):493-500

贵州西部织(织金)纳(纳雍)煤田以发育海陆过渡相含煤岩系而成为研究西南地区晚二叠世沉积相及层序地层的理想地区.作者对该煤田上二叠统含煤岩系(龙潭组和长兴组)进行了高分辨率层序地层分析,并探讨了层序地层格架下煤层厚度的变化规律.以区域不整合面以及下切谷砂体底部冲刷面等为层序界面,结合石灰岩标志层向古陆方向延伸距离而显示的...  相似文献   

Investigating vegetation biophysical and spectral parameters for detecting light to moderate grazing effects: a case study in mixed grass prairie     

Xiaohui Yang  Xulin Guo 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2011,3(3):336-348

Identifying effective vegetation biophysical and spectral parameters for investigating light to moderate grazing effects on grasslands improves management practices on grasslands. Using mixed grasslands as a case study, this paper compares responses of vegetation biophysical properties and spectral parameters derived from satellite images to grazing intensity, and identifies the suitable biophysical and spectral parameters to detect grazing effects in these areas. Biophysical properties including cover, canopy height and Leaf area index (LAI) were measured in three sites with different grazing managements and one benchmark site in 2008 and 2009 in Grasslands PlaceTypeNational Park and surrounding provincial pastures, Canada. Thirteen vegetation spectral indices, calculated by statistically combining different spectral information, were evaluated. The results indicate that canopy height and the ratio of photosynthetically active vegetation cover to non-photosynthetically active vegetation cover (PV/NPV) showed significant differences between ungrazed and grazed sites. All spectral vegetation indices except the canopy index (CI) show significant differences between grazing treatments. Red-Near infrared (Red-NIR) based vegetation indices, such as Modified Triangular Vegetation Index 1 (MTVI1), Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), are significantly correlated to the PV/NPV. Green/Mid-infrared (Green/MIR) related vegetation indices, i.e. Plant Senescence Reflectance Index (PRSI) and Normalized Canopy Index (NCI), show significant correlation with canopy height. Models based on a linear combination of MTVI1 and SAVI were developed for PV/NPV and PRSI and NCI for canopy height. Models that simulated PV/NPV and canopy height show significant correlations with grazing intensity, suggesting the feasibility of remote sensing to quantify light to moderate grazing effects in mixed grasslands.  相似文献   

Gas hydrate saturation from acoustic impedance and resistivity logs in the Shenhu area, South China Sea   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Xiujuan Wang  Shiguo Wu  Myung LeeYiqun Guo  Shengxiong YangJinqiang Liang 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(9):1625-1633

During the China’s first gas hydrate drilling expedition -1 (GMGS-1), gas hydrate was discovered in layers ranging from 10 to 25 m above the base of gas hydrate stability zone in the Shenhu area, South China Sea. Water chemistry, electrical resistivity logs, and acoustic impedance were used to estimate gas hydrate saturations. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the chloride concentrations range from 0 to 43% of the pore space. The higher gas hydrate saturations were present in the depth from 152 to 177 m at site SH7 and from 190 to 225 m at site SH2, respectively. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the resistivity using Archie equation have similar trends to those from chloride concentrations. To examine the variability of gas hydrate saturations away from the wells, acoustic impedances calculated from the 3 D seismic data using constrained sparse inversion method were used. Well logs acquired at site SH7 were incorporated into the inversion by establishing a relation between the water-filled porosity, calculated using gas hydrate saturations estimated from the resistivity logs, and the acoustic impedance, calculated from density and velocity logs. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from acoustic impedance of seismic data are ∼10-23% of the pore space and are comparable to those estimated from the well logs. The uncertainties in estimated gas hydrate saturations from seismic acoustic impedances were mainly from uncertainties associated with inverted acoustic impedance, the empirical relation between the water-filled porosities and acoustic impedances, and assumed background resistivity.  相似文献   

Long-term (1998–2007) trends on the spatial distribution of heterotrophic ciliates in the East China Sea in summer: effect of the Three Gorges Dam construction     

An-Yi Tsai  Gwo-Ching Gong  Kuo-Ping Chiang  Chien-Fu Chao  Herng-Ru Guo 《Journal of Oceanography》2011,67(6):725-737

The spatial distribution of heterotrophic ciliates, environmental factors and potential food items (bacteria, Synechococcus spp. and nanoflagellates) were measured in the East China Sea to examine which variables contributed importantly to the long-term distribution of ciliates between 1998 and 2007. In July 1998 and June 2003, heterotrophic ciliates were found to be abundant (1,000–2,000 × 10³ cells m⁻³) in regions where surface salinity <32 but extremely low (<500 × 10³ cells m⁻³) in shelf waters of surface salinity >32. After August 2003, shortly after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam, we found no significant areal differences in the abundance of heterotrophic ciliates (HC). However, we found a significantly negative correlation between temperature and HC abundance of surface water after the completion of the dam, suggesting that temperature had a greater influence on HC abundance, once the original saline state had changed. For the long-term trends on the vertical distribution of HC, their abundance was significantly higher in the upper 50 m of the water column than at either 75 or 100 m. Abundance of Synechococcus spp. at these levels varied significantly in regions of surface salinity <32, suggesting that ciliates and picophytoplankton contribute greatly to mediating the transfer of organic matter to higher trophic levels in this marine ecosystem.  相似文献